Do pre-med applicants need to write different supplemental essays for each college?

Usually, no. As a pre-med applicant, you are not typically given a separate set of supplemental essays just because you plan to be pre-med. Most colleges use the same supplemental prompts for all applicants, and they evaluate you through the general application to the college, not through a separate pre-med application.

What changes from school to school is the prompt itself. One college may ask why you want to attend, another may ask about community, academic interests, or an intellectual experience. So yes, you will need to tailor essays for each college, but not because you are pre-med. You tailor them because each school asks different questions and wants to see school-specific fit.

If a prompt asks about academic interests or future goals, then your interest in medicine, biology, neuroscience, research, public health, or patient care can absolutely be relevant. In that case, be specific about why that school supports your path. Mention things like undergraduate research access, hospital partnerships, advising, neuroscience labs, service opportunities, or interdisciplinary programs.

If the prompt is not about academics or goals, do not force pre-med into it. For example, a community essay or identity essay should answer that actual prompt first.

The main exception is direct-med or BS/MD programs. Those often do have extra, medicine-specific essays and much more specialized prompts. If you apply to those programs, expect separate writing requirements.